控释肥对榛子叶片光合与蒸腾特性的影响

Effect of the controlled release fertilizers on photo synthetic and transpiration in leaves of Corylus avellana

以一年生欧洲榛子实生苗为试验材料,采用纯控释肥和控释掺混肥进行田间试验,并与普通复合肥进行对比,研究了控释肥对榛子叶片叶绿素含量、光合蒸腾特性及生长指标的影响。结果表明,与普通复合肥相比,施用控释肥料提高了榛子叶片叶绿素含量;同时,在榛子生长的4个时期,与普通复合肥处理相比,纯控释肥处理榛子叶片净光合速率提高6.9%-93.3%,蒸腾速率提高5.8%-19.0%,气孔导度提高了4.8%-27.1%,气孔限制值降低4.8%-64.5%;控释掺混肥处理榛子叶片净光合速率提高9.9%-94.7%,蒸腾速率提高8.1%-23.9%,叶片气孔导度提高4.3%-29.4%,气孔限制值降低9.3%-62.8%;另外,纯控释肥和控释掺混肥处理能增加榛子株高和茎粗。以上说明,与普通复合肥处理相比,控释肥和控释掺混肥处理均能有效的改善榛子叶片光合性能,增加榛子植株生物量。从经济施肥与提高产量方面出发,控释掺混肥具有更大的推广应用价值。

In order to illustrate the effect of application of the controlled release fertilizers on photosynthetic and transpiration characteristicsand growth indicators,Corylus avellana was field by applying pure controlled release fertilizer and controlled release fertilize blend bulk fertilizer and compared with common compound fertilizer.The results showed that,compared with common compound fertilizer treatment,applying controlled-release fertilizer could increase the leaf chlorophyll content.At the same time,in the four growing stages,when compared with common compound fertilizer treatment,the pure controlled release fertilizer treatment increased leaf net photosynthetic rate by 6.9%~93.3%,transpiration rate by 5.8%~19.0%,stomatal conductance by 4.8%~27.1%,stomatal limitation value decreased by 4.8%~64.5%.The controlled release blend bulk fertilizer treatment increased leaf net photosynthetic rate by 9.9%~94.7 %,transpiration rate by 8.1%~23.9%,leaf stomatal conductance by 4.3%~29.4%,stomatal limitation value decreased by 9.3%~62.8%.In addition,the pure controlled release fertilizer and controlled release fertilize blend bulk fertilizer treatments could increase the plant height and stem diameter.These showed that controlled release fertilize and controlled release blend bulk fertilizer could improve the photosynthetic characteristics.