新疆伊犁哈族青少年错畸形调查研究

Survey on Epidemiology of Malocclusion Deformation Kazak Middle School Students

目的了解哈萨克族中学生错畸形的流行病学特征。方法用随机分组和安氏分类法,对伊犁哈萨克自治州直属一中的1200名哈族中学生的错畸形情况进行了普查。他们被分为两组:A组为男女对照组:其中男性580人,女性620人,B组为城乡对照组:其中城市籍学生898人,乡村籍学生302人。结果1200名哈族中学生错畸形者492人,总发病率为41%;其中A组男错畸形者235人,发病率为40.5%;女错畸形者257人,发病率为41.4%(P>0.05);B组城市籍学生错畸形者411人,发病率为45.7%,农村籍学生错畸形者81人,发病率为26.8%(P<0.05)。429例错畸形者中安氏Ⅰ类错畸形302人占61.3%;Ⅱ类78人占13.8%,Ⅲ类112人占22.76%。结论新疆伊犁州哈族中学生错畸形的发病率为41%,明显低于全国口腔正畸专业委员会2000年统计的中国儿童青少年50%的错畸形发病率;在分类中以牙齿排列异常AngieⅠ型错为主,而以下颌骨发育异常的AngieⅡ～Ⅲ型错畸形则较少。

Objective To investigate the epidemiologic features of malocclusion deformation in Kazak middle school students.Methods The 1 200 Kazak students from the first middle school directly under Kazak autonomous prefecture of Yili were generally surveyed by randomization and Angle classification.580 male students and 620 female students in group A was as male-female control group;898 students from city and 302 students from countryside in group B was as city-countryside control group.Results 492 in 1 200 Kazak middle school students suffered from malocclusion deformation with a total disease incidence of 41%.There were 232 male students and 254 female students with malocclusion deformation in group A,showed a incidence of 40.5% and 41.4%（P〉0.05）,respectively.411 cases from city（45.70%） and 81 cases（22.76%） from countryside in group B demonstrated a statistical difference in the incidence（P〈0.05）.The Angle typing among 429 cases with malocclusion deformation were：type Ⅰ：302 cases,type Ⅱ：78 cases,and type Ⅲ：112 cases,with the incidence of 61.30%,15.80% and 22.76%,respectively.Conclusion The disease incidence of Kazak students from the first middle school directly under Kazak autonomous prefecture of Yili is 41%.It is obviously low than the percent（50%） of Chinese children and youngsters that were provided by statistics of specialty committee of Chinese oral orthodontics in the year 2000.The Angle typing among the students with malocclusion deformation shows that the Angle I is main type of irregular tooth alignment and Anyle Ⅱ and Ⅲ of abnormal development of mandible account for only a small amount.