在夏季天然草场放牧加补饲对瑞士褐牛与新疆褐牛杂交后代体重、体尺的影响

Effects of Concentrate Supplement on Weight and Body Size of Switzerland Brown Cattle×Xinjiang Brown Cattle on the Summer Natural Grazing Grassland

选健康、发育正常的4月龄左右的瑞士褐牛与新疆褐牛杂交后代犊牛16头，经配对后（t检验差异不显著）分为两个处理组，每组8头（公母各半），每天分别补饲0、1kg精料。结果表明：在放牧条件下，补饲未显著提高杂交后代犊牛在饲喂试验14、28、42d时的体重、体高、体斜长、胸围及管围（P〉0．05）．与放牧组相比，放牧加补饲组14d时的体重、体高、体斜长、胸围及管围分别提高2．93％、4．19％、2．18％、0．48％、3.35％；28d时体重、体高、胸围及管围分别提高3．9％、3．62％、2．55％、1.31％；42d时体重、体高、体斜长及胸围分别提高5．49％、2．05％、3．05％、1．26％。随放牧时间的延长，0-28d放牧组和放牧加补饲组在体重、体高、体斜长、胸围及管围均逐渐增加，但在28～42d期间，放牧组、放牧加补饲组在体重、体高、体斜长、胸围及管围几乎没有增加。结论：在天然草场少雨、牧草干旱的放牧条件下，仅靠7—9月天然草场不能发挥瑞士褐牛与新疆褐牛杂交后代犊牛的生长性能，在此条件下，为充分发挥杂交后代犊牛的生长性能，在8-9月牧草条件较差的情况下应加大精料补饲量。

Sixteen health crossbreeding month-old were selected and divided between Switzerland brown cattle and Xinjiang brown cattle about 4- into two treatment, which were daily fed 0, 1 kg concentrate feed, respectively. The results showed that： In grazing conditions, concentrate supplement did not significantly improve the weight, height, body length, heart girth and circumference of hybrid offspring calf at 14, 28, 42d （p〉0.05）.Compared with those of the treatment of grazing, the weight, height, body length, heart girth and circumference of the grazing plus supplement group improved 2.93%, 4.19%, 2.18%, 0.48%, 3.35% at 14d, respectively. At 28d the weight, height, length, heart girth and circumference of the grazing plus supplement group respectively improved 3.9%, 3.62%, 2.55%, 1.31%. At 42d the weight, height, body length, heart girth and circumference of the grazing plus supplement group improved 5.49%, 2.05%, 3.05%, 1.26%, respectively. With the extension of grazing time, from 0 to 28d the weight, height, body length, heart girth and circumference of the grazing group, the grazing plus supplement group gradually increased. But during 28- 42d, the weight, height, body length, heart girth and circumference of the grazing group, the grazing plus supplement group both almost no increase. Conclusion： in the arid pasture grazing conditions from July to September, the potent growth performance of crossbreeding between Switzerland brown cattle and Xinjiang brown cattle could not be exerted fully on the natural grassland. In the arid pasture grazing conditions from August to September, the daily concentrate supplement should increase in order to exert the growth performance of crossbreeding between Switzerland brown cattle and Xinjiang brown cattle fully.