“亡国灭种”的想象与近代民族国家话语霸权的形成

The Anticipation of "National Doom and Ethnicity Annihilation" and the Development of Influence Dominance of Near Contemporary Ethnical Countries

肇始于十九世纪末"亡国灭种"的想象是国人对国家未来前途命运的一种最坏的预测,它所激发的民族情绪虽然使得传统民族主义暂时填充了"保国"、"保种"的内涵,但是,在文化歧出的大势中,对"国"与"种"的理解分歧,不仅阻碍了清政府主导的大一统国家的近代转型,而且也使东渐的西方民族国家观念形成话语霸权,从而引发了二十世纪初的"中国"认同危机。

Forward from the end of nineteenth century, the anticipation of ＂national doom and ethnicity annihilation＂ was people＇s worst anticipation on the future of nation, which triggered national emotions that inspired nationalism to play the parts of defending the nation and ethnicity. However, in a conflicting state of culture, the understandings of ＂nationality＂ and ＂ethnicity＂ differed. This situation not only prevented the transformation to a multi-uniform country, but also permitted eastern-migrating western ethical nationalism to develop influence dominance, and caused an identification crisis of China in early twentieth century.