浦东新区爱婴医院母乳喂养情况调查

Investigation on breast feeding status in baby-friendly hospital in Pudong New Area

目的:了解当前爱婴医院内产后母乳喂养情况,探讨影响新生儿母乳喂养的相关因素,有针对性地指导母乳喂养,以提高出院后母乳喂养率。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取7家爱婴医院350名产妇及新生儿,设计调查问卷,对其进行母乳喂养调查。结果:产妇中93.14%(326/350)在医院接受过母乳喂养教育,其中以孕妇学校宣教比例最高,产后病房宣教比例最低;母乳喂养率61.42%,混合喂养30.86%;自然分娩者母乳喂养率高于手术分娩者(P<0.01);未使用奶瓶喂养婴儿的母乳喂养率高于使用奶瓶者(P<0.01);开展早接触、早吸吮者母乳喂养率高于未开展者(P<0.05);78.52%的产妇添加代乳品的原因是觉得乳汁不够,58.52%的添加代乳品行为由产妇本人决定。结论:爱婴医院内母乳喂养工作还有待加强,影响母乳喂养的相关因素有分娩方式、开奶前是否使用奶瓶、是否进行早吸吮、早接触等。加强爱婴医院管理,积极开展产前、产时、产后各环节的母乳喂养健康教育,提高产妇的母乳喂养意识及掌握实用技巧,对于提高母乳喂养成功率有积极影响。

Objective： To understand the breast feeding status in baby - friendly hospital, explore the effect factors of breast feeding, direct breast feeding, and increase the rate of breast feeding after leaving hospital. Methods： 350 delivery women and neonates from 7 baby- friendly hospitals were selected by cluster sampling method randomly, then the breast feeding status was surveyed by a questionnaire. Results： 326 （93 . 14% ） delivery women accepted breast feeding education, the proportion of propaganda and education in maternity school was the highest, and the proportion of propaganda and education in postpartum wards was the lowest; the rate of breast feeding was 61.42%, the rate of mixed - feeding was 30. 86% ; the rate of breast feeding of natural childbirth was higher than that of cesarean section （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; the rate of breast feeding of feeding bottle un - users was higher than that of users （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; the rate of breast feeding of early - touching and early - sucking was higher than that of without early - touching and early - sucking （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; 78.52% of the delivery women used milk fungible products because of deficient self - milk, and 58. 52 of the delivery women decided to use milk fungible products by themselves. Conclusion： The breast feeding in baby - friendly hospitals should be enhanced. The related effect factors of breast feeding include delivery modes, feeding bottle usage before feeding or not, early - touching and early - sucking or not. The management of baby -friendly hospitals should be strengthened, antepartum, parturition and postpartum health education of breast feeding should be conducted actively, recognition of delivery women to breast feeding should be increased, and practical skills of breast feeding should be mastered, all the measures above may play an important role in increasing success rate of breast feeding.