可调式交锁髓内钉定位杆的研制及实验研究

Experiment Study of Adjustable Interlocking Intramedullary Nail

目的测试可调式交锁髓内钉定位杆应用于下肢尸体骨的准确性与安全性。方法应用10具新鲜尸体两侧下肢实验,每具随机标定一侧归入实验组,另一侧归入对照组,行股骨、胫骨交锁髓内钉内固定术。实验组应用器械厂原配套定位杆,对照组应用自行研制的可调式定位杆。记录两组远端锁钉时间、在C型臂X线下暴露时间、第1次锁钉成功率及最后锁钉成功率四项指标进行比较。结果实验组远端锁钉时间、在C型臂X线下暴露时间、第1次锁钉成功率及最后锁钉的成功率分别为(6.45±0.38)min、0 min、60%、100%。对照组远端锁钉时间、在C型臂X线下暴露时间、第1次锁钉成功率及最后锁钉的成功率分别为(11.68±0.74)min、(6.21±0.46)min、60%、100%。实验组锁钉时间与X线下暴露时间明显减少(P<0.001)。结论此可调式交锁髓内钉定位杆原理简单,易于制作,费用低廉,不会增加临床费用;可以和原有机械定位系统良好兼容,适用广泛;且不用X线辅助即能准确锁钉。故这项技术可以大大提高交锁髓内钉技术的普及应用。

Objective To test the accuracy and safety of applying adjustable interlocking inlramedullary nail locating rod to lower limb of a human cadaver. Methods Bilateral lower limbs from 10 fresh cadavers were experimented. one side of each cadaver was randomly marked under the experimental group;another side was under the control group. Femurs and femorals interlocking intramedullary nail internal fixation was conducted. Locating rod of orollary equipment from factory was applied on the experimental group and the adjustabl locating rod self-developed was used on the control group. Comparison from two groups were made under the criteria of far-end locking nails time ,exposure time under C-shape X ray,success ratio of initial and final locking nails. Results In the experimental group,farend locking nails time,exposure tinm under C shape X-ray,success ratio of initial and final locking nails respectively were 6.45±0.38 min,0 min,60%,100% ;indexes from the control group respectively were（11. 68±0. 74） min, （6.21 ±0.46） min,60 %,100% ,locking nails time and exposure time under X-ray from the experimental group were significantly shorter （P〈0. 001）. Conclusion The principle of adjustable interlocking intramedullary nail locating rod was simple to understand and broadly acceptable along with the accurate locking nails without X-ray assistance. This technology can generalize the application of interlocking intramedullary nat in a great extent.