语境中主观因素对语篇的解读

The Function of Contextual Subjective Factors in Discourse Interpreting

语用学的研究成果表明,语境是与交际者的认知能力和心理体验密切相关的,是交际者的主观意识的反映,是一种心理现象。话题和连贯是语篇分析中的两个重要概念,对解读语篇起着重要的作用。话题多以隐性形式存在于语篇中,对它们的解读需要借助语境中的主观因素,来激活相关的认知图式。语篇的连贯性产生于理解者在认知语境中寻找关联而进行推理的过程中。语境中的主观因素在语篇理解中占有不可或缺的地位。

The findings in pragmatics have shown that context is closely related to the communicator＇s cognitive ability and mental experience, and is a mental phenomenon and a reflection of the subjective ideas in the communica- tor＇ s mind. Topic and coherence are two important concepts in discourse analysis and contribute to discourse interpre- ting. Topics are always implied in discourse. To understand them depends on subjective factors in context and the acti- vation of relative cognitive schemata in the communicator＇ s mind. Discourse coherence comes in the process of the communicator＇ s understanding of the relevance of discourse information, and this process is the process of cognitive in- ference. Subjective factors in context take up an important position in discourse interpreting.