新时期先锋小说语言的“前景化”

The "Foreground" of the Language in the Pioneer Novels of the New Era

文体学中的"前景化"是指人们通过语言的变异,将一部分语言从"背景"中凸显出来。"前景化"理论解释文学语言何以具有美学魅力,以及文学语言构成与运作的复杂机制。新时期先锋小说语言的"前景化"包括了"偏离"和"平行"两种形式。在"偏离"中,作家通过对常规语义和语法的违背来凸显语言效果;或者通过使用俗语或方言、文言等语体词实现对书面语传统的反叛;也有的作家通过语言的杂色化(使用粗粝、丑陋的语言)达到颠覆传统文体的目的。"前景化"中的"平行"则是指文学语言中对等原则的使用。新时期先锋作家大量使用了重复、排比、语义呼应、在结构与音律上的对等、照应等手段。总之,本文从"前景化"理论出发,探讨了新时期先锋作家的修辞策略,同时也揭示了先锋文学语言构成和运作的复杂机理。

The ＂foreground＂ of stylistics means that people highlight a portion of the novelty language from the ＂ background＂ language through language variation. ＂Foreground＂ theory explains why the literary language possesses the aesthetic charm, as well as the complex mechanisms of the literary language composition and operation. This paper argues that the ＂foreground＂ of language of the pioneer novels of the New Era includes two forms： one is ＂ deviation＂ and the other is ＂ parallel＂. In ＂ deviation＂, the writer highlights the language effects through the violation of conventional words and grammar or through the usage of slang, dialects, classical or other stylistic words to realize the rebellion of traditional written language. There are also some writer who take the advantage of the motley of language （ use some crude, ugly language） to achieve the purpose of subverting the traditional style. The ＂parallel＂ form of ＂foreground＂ refers to the application of reciprocity principle in the literary language. Pioneer novel writers extensively use repetition, parallelism, semantic echoes, reference and cohesion jin structure and tune and so on. In short, this article stands out the ＂foreground＂ theory, not only discussing the pragmatic strategy used by pioneering writers of the New Era, but also revealing the complexity composition and operation mechanism of the pioneer literary language of the pioneer novels of the New Era.