知识·智力·智育——试论现代知识观下的智力观与智育观

Knowledge·Ability·Intellectual Education——Discussion on the View of Intelligence and Intellectual Education in Modern Knowledge Theory

现代知识观强调知识的广义涵义,即知识不仅指陈述性知识,而且包括以陈述性知识为内涵的技能与策略。这样的知识观决定了人的心理的智慧实质,使智力的先天因素决定观转变为习得性广义知识决定观,为智力的培养与发展提供了新的思路。在阐述现代知识观的心理学性质基础上,讨论了智力与知识、能力的关系,并从知识的学习与转化、专家-新手的研究及创造性人才培养三个角度探讨了在现代知识观下的智育途径。

Modem knowledge theory emphasizes the knowledge in a broad sense. It includes both declarative knowledge and the knowledge of processing and strategy. It determines the mind＇s nature, renovates the notion of inborn intelligence determinism to acquired intelligence determinism and provides cultivation of intelligence with new ideas. In view of modern knowledge theory, the paper expatiates the nature of psychology, discusses the relationship between intelligence, knowledge and ability, and investigates the ways of intellectual education from three aspects ： knowledge learning and transition, the expert-novice research and cultivation of creative talents.