文化演进、循环学习与循环教学

Cultural Evolution,Learning Cycle and Teaching Cycle

研究性学习和科学探究是遵循文化演进的规律,特别是库恩的"科学革命"理论和怀特海的过程哲学而提出的,它是旨在解决教学过程中学生自主性体现不足、肢解人类文化和学生单向度发展问题的教学策略。为了避免发生忽视精确、规范的知识和理论的错误,有必要重新完整解读"科学革命"理论和循环学习理论。既强调自由"、浪漫"的猜想或假说,也保证规范、精确的知识"、范式"掌握的"循环教学理论",通过构建学生与教师的"学习共同体",实现课程标准的目标。

Research-based study and scientific exploration, two teaching strategies, are based on the law of cultural evolution, especially Kuhn’s＂scientific revolution＂theory and Whitehead’s process philosophy, which are aimed at resolving such problems as students’lack of autonomy, dismembering the human culture and one -way development of students in the teaching process. In order to avoid the error of neglecting precise and specific knowledge and theory in the instruction, it is necessary to re-interpret ＂scientific revolution＂theory and the cycle theory of learning, and to put forward the cycle theory of teaching which not only emphasizes the free and＂romantic ＂ guess or hypothesis, but also ensures the standardized and accurate knowledge so as to help students master the ＂paradigm＂of the culture. Then, teachers and students can construct a ＂learning community＂to realize the goal of curriculum standards.