北京市7-12岁儿童对“责任”概念自由描述的调查研究

Investigation into and Research on the Free Descriptions of the Concept "Responsibility"Given by Children of 7-to-12 in Beijing

责任感发展是儿童社会化的一个主题,强烈的责任感是儿童心理健康的重要标志之一。研究以随机抽取的267名北京市7-12岁儿童为样本,采用儿童自由描述的方法进行实施。结果表明:北京市7-12岁儿童责任概念包含八个要素,按提名频率高低降序排列分别是事情/任务、角色/职务、承诺/委托、主客体、过失承担、时间、完成和质量。其责任概念的发展具有一定的年级发展趋势,表现出由具体到抽象、由片面到全面、由他律到自律的特点。

Developing the sense of responsibility is a theme of children’s socialization, and the strong sense of responsibility is one of the important aspects signifying children’s mental health. This research casually chose 267 7- to 12-year-old children in Beijing as samples and was carried out with the method of children’s free description. The results show that there are eight factors included in these children’s concept of ＂responsibility＂, which can be ranked in the descending order of mentioning frequency： thing/task, role/post, commitment/commission, subject and object, taking the blame, time, fulfillment and quality. The development of this concept has the tendency conforming to the grades and displays the following characteristics： from abstractness to concreteness, from one-sidedness to comprehensiveness, and from heteronomy to self-discipline.