低分子肝素钙预防髋关节置换术后深静脉血栓的疗效观察及护理

Curative Effects Observation and Nursing Experience of Low-molecular-weight Heparin Calcium to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis after Total Hip Arthroplasty

目的:探讨低分子肝素钙预防髋关节置换术后深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的护理。方法:术前术后低分子肝素钙5000～6000IU,q12h皮下注射,配合机械方法预防下肢DVT的发生。结果:低分子肝素钙联合机械方法预防DVT效果显著,观察组无1例出现有症状的DVT,与对照组比较有统计学差异,但存在皮下出血、淤血等不良反应。结论:掌握低分子肝素钙使用指征和注射技巧,应用过程中加强观察,可以避免不良反应,同时有效预防DVT的发生。

Objective：To investigate the nursing of low-molecular-weight heparin to prevent the deep venous thrombosis after total hip arthroplasty.Method：5000～ 6000IU low-molecular weight heparin of preoperative and postoperative,q12h hypodermic injection,with the mechanical methods to prevent the occurrence of lower limbs DVT.Result：Efficacy of LMWH and mechanical methods to prevent DVT is remarkable and there was no case of symptomatic DVT in the observation group,which has statistical differences with the control group.However,there are subcutaneous hemorrhage,extravasation and other adverse reactions.At last,to master the indications of low-molecular-weight heparin and techniques of injection and to strengthen the observation in the application process can avoid adverse reactions and,simultaneously,prevent the occurrence of DVT.