成吉思汗墓葬所在与蒙古早期历史地理

On the Locality of Chinggis-khan’s Tomb

成吉思汗墓地所在是历史－考古学界长期探究的问题。依据可信的汉、蒙文和波斯文史料，成吉思汗及其继承者（元诸帝）的葬地在不儿罕山（肯特山）南、克鲁伦河上游北的“起辇谷”（即《元朝秘史》所记“古连勒古”），其地当在今蒙古国肯特省曾克尔曼达勒苏木境。1990年代以来，蒙古国和日本的考古学者追寻蒙古古代遗迹收获甚丰，特别是在阿兀拉嘎遗址（认定为成吉思汗大斡耳朵）的发掘中找到可能是“灵庙”的废墟和祭祀遗物，为寻找成吉思汗墓地提供了重要线索。本文利用他们的新考古研究成果，结合文献资料，进一步探讨成吉思汗的出生地和葬地，并追溯早期蒙古－成吉思汗先世在鄂嫩河流域的活动和势力逐步兴盛的过程，以及相关的历史地名方位。

The locality of Chinggis-khan's tomb is a problem that the historians and archaeologists have investigated for a long time. According to the trustworthy Chinese,Mongolian and Persian historical data,Chinggis-khan and his successors(Yuan emperors) were all buried in the same field named K'i-Len-Gu起辇谷(in Yuan Shi《元史》,identified with'G(u|¨)relg(u|¨)'in Yuanchao Mishi《无朝秘史》), located in the front(south)of Burkhan Qaldun(Kentei mt.) and the north of upper reaches of Kerulen river,very probably within the area of present-day Chenkhermandal sume,Kentei Ayimak.Since 1990s, Mongolian and Japanese archaeologists have made remarkable achievements in exploring the traces of ancient Mongol history, especially discovered probably the'memorial temple'and many sacrificial remains in excavating the A'uraga ruins(Chinggi-khan's Yeke-Ordo as believed),that provided an important clue to the investigation of Chinggis-khan's tomb.Utilizing their new archaeological achievements and combining with historical documents, this paper attempts to make further study on Chinggis-khan's birth place and burial ground,then traces back to the activities of early Mongols-Chinggis-khan's ancesters in the Onan river basin,the historical process of their prosperity,and the locality of places related.