基于行动者网络的土地利用冲突及其治理机制研究——以广州市海珠区果林保护区为例

Land Use Conflicts and Their Governance Mechanics on Actors Network Theory:A Case of Fruit Tree Protection Zone of Haizhu District,Guangzhou City

用行动者网络分析方法,以广州市海珠区果树保护区为例,探讨土地利用冲突的演化过程、根源、类型及其治理机制。按照冲突的强度和显隐程度,土地利用冲突的演化过程大致可以区分为潜伏、显化、转变和胶着等4个阶段,但冲突循环的存在使其进一步的演变存在较大不确定性。在土地利用冲突治理过程中,各种社会行动者通过协商和谈判而建立纵横交织的网络,形成资源共享、互惠合作的机制,从而达成共同的治理目标。

Rapid industrialization and urbanization process makes the functional value of urban ecology space even more remarkable.The green land protection policy on public interest results in barriers to develop rural community economy and promote residents＇ income,which lead to more and more social conflicts originated from urban and rural land use.On the basis of urban spatial political-economy theory,and actors network theory,in a case of Fruit Tree Protection Zone of Haizhu District in Guangzhou City（HZFTPZ） the article investigated the evolution process,origins,types and governance mechanics of land use conflicts.The article found that,the evolution process of land use conflicts could be divided into 4 stages according to the intensity and levels of significance,i.e.,latent period,obvious period,transformation period and conglutination period.But Nondeterminacy still exists in the further evolution of land use conflicts because of the role of conflict circle.During the evolution of land use conflicts,land use conflicts subjects spread from the core of land use conflicts to the periphery,social actors involved emerged ceaselessly,and conflict issues,standpoints and attitudes of conflict subjects and approaches to resolve conflicts were sequentially changed.In addition,land use conflicts were divided into procedure conflicts,value conflicts,interest conflicts and structure conflicts from appearance to nature,based on their origins and differentiation display.And all types of land use conflicts were logically related,because of the organically interaction and integration of social actors＇ factors and social and economic regimes structure factors.Many land use conflicts registered as procedure destination differences among social actors,and the even deeper reasons displayed as the value judgment differences on the priority of protection-development and public interest-individual-interest among parties to a conflict,and the subjective understanding differences on land use interest distribution and risk exposure among parties to a conflict,but the final origins of conflict expansion or continuous agglutination existed in policy defects and regime cruxes in procedure design standard,values guidelines and interest distribution balance.During the governance process of land use conflicts,various sorts and varieties of social actors centered on some issues,established interlaced networks by consultation and negotiation and made up mechanics of recourse sharing and mutual benefit and collaboration,thus gained the ends of collaborative governance.The concrete measures including to establish the participation and communication networks based on communicating and participating of stakeholders,the collaborative governance network based on the networking cooperation of social actors,the community co-management network based on the appeal of community participation,the interest coordination network based on interest balance and coordination of stakeholders,and the land use conflict prevention and mediation network based on the prevention and mediation of land use conflicts.