发生教学法:从历史到课堂

Genetic Approach to Teaching and Learning: from History to Classroom

发生教学法的基础是数学史,是数学史融入数学教育的一种方式.发生教学法要求教师了解所教主题的历史;理解该主题历史进化的关键步骤;在现代情境下重构推动进化的关键思想或问题,使之在教学上适合介绍新的概念、方法或理论;按从易到难的顺序给出系列问题,后面的问题建立在前面问题的基础上,采取有序的问题驱动模式,揭示知识产生的动机,借以促进学生的学习.发生教学法在理念和具体实施方略上或能保证数学新课程的顺利推进.

The genetic approach to teaching and learning was based on the history of mathematics and was a way of integrating the history of mathematics and mathematics education. It was a premise that teachers should know the history of the taught topic and the key steps of the topic in the historical evolution. Based on these key steps, teachers design a series of problems according modern condition, making it suitable for the introduction of new concepts, methods or theories, and arrange the sequence of the problems. This teaching method assigns a series of questions from easy to difficult to expose why the knowledge was produced under a certain historical condition, in order to promote students’ learning. Its history, epistemology value, implementation, philosophical basis and limitations were described. The idea and steps of the genetic approach to teaching and learning could possibly assure the new mathematics curriculum standard brings into effect.