摘要
19世纪中期,英国进入从传统农业社会向现代工业社会急剧转型的时期,并形成了以私人慈善、自助互助和政府救济为主要形式的多元救助体系。但由于政府奉行自由资本主义,私人慈善便承担起了大部分的社会责任,中产阶级成为私人慈善活动的主力。私人慈善尽管不是社会发展的核心要素,但它却是英国社会转型的润滑剂,发挥着政府救济不可替代的作用。
In mid-nineteenth century, Britain transformed sharply from a traditional agricultural society to a modern industrial society, and formed a multi-relief system which was mainly composed of private philanthropy, self-help and mutual aid, and government relief. As the government insisted on non-monopoly capitalism, the private philanthropy undertook the most social responsibilities. The middle class became the leading force of the private philanthropy. Though private philanthropy is not the essential element of social progress, it is requisite lubricant of British social transformation and cannot be replaced by government.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第3期90-98,共9页
Journal of Historical Science
关键词
英国
中产阶级
私人慈善
社会转型
Britain
middle class
private philanthropy
social transformation
