近30年来的汉代民间信仰研究

A Summary of Researches on Folk Beliefs of the Han Dynasty since the 1980s

民间信仰是近年来学术界比较热门的研究课题,但关于汉代民间信仰的研究成果却相对较少,这其中既有史料匮乏的原因,更与理论指导的缺位有关。近30年来文史学界在此领域的研究涉及民间信仰的主要对象、西王母信仰、伏羲女娲信仰、巫信仰、神仙信仰、民间佛教信仰和道教信仰等问题。以往的研究固然取得了一定成绩,但亦存在不足。今后要加强对汉代民间信仰的综合性与系统性研究,尤其要深化对地域性神灵及其文化功能的研究,也要合理借鉴多学科的相关理论与方法,使得我们对汉代民间信仰的研究不仅要知其然,更要在深度分析的基础上知其所以然。

Folk belief is a hot research topic in the academic circle in recent years. But the achievements of the study on the folk belief of the Han Dynasty are relatively fewer, because of the lack of the related historical materials and appropriate theoretical guidance. In the recent 30 years the researches of the cultural and history circle in this field are mostly concerned with several basic objects of the folk belief such as the West Queen belief, Fu Xi and Nv Wa belief, Witch belief, Deity belief, early folk Buddhism believes and Taoism belief. Even though some achievements have been made in the previous study,some insufficiencies still need to be concerned. The comprehensive research and the systematic research on the folk belief of the Han Dynasty should be put emphasis on henceforth, especially the regional Deity and its cultural function. By using the related multidisciplinary theories and methods for references, we should not only know the cause of the problem of the research on the folk belief in the Han Dynasty,but also explore the cause＇s cause.