中国制造业全要素能源效率研究——基于制造业28个行业的实证分析

Research on Total Factor Energy Efficiency of China Manufacture——Empirical Analysis Based on 28 Sectors

本文基于中国制造业28个行业2001-2007年的基础数据,运用非参数数据包络分析的DEA-Malmquist生产率指数法,实证测算了制造业28个行业全要素能源效率,结论认为,中国制造业全要素能源效率总体呈现上升趋势,但行业之间差异显著。全要素能源效率较低的行业主要集中在劳动密集型行业,全要素能源效率较高的行业主要集中在垄断程度较高、进入壁垒较高的行业。技术进步是促进全要素能源效率提高、引起行业间差异的主要原因。Tobit模型回归表明,研发投入、市场竞争、外资进入有利于改进能源效率,企业规模相反。

This paper empirically measures the total factor energy efficiency of China's manufacture industry with data through 2001-2007 and non-parametric data envelopment analysis and DEA-Malmquist productivity index method.We conclude that the total factor energy efficiency of China manufacture industry shows an upward trend with significant differences among sectors.Lower total-factor energy efficiency occurs mainly in labor-intensive industries,while high total factor energy efficiency in monopolistic industries with higher barriers to entry.Technological progress is the major cause of efficiency gap among industries.Tobit regression models show that R&D investment,market competition,foreign investment is conducive to improving energy efficiency while enterprise scale is the opposite.