利用微卫星标记对7个山羊品种的遗传多样性研究

Study on Genetic Polymorphisms Of Seven Goat Breeds by Using Microsatellite Marker

为了研究小香羊与相邻产区山羊品种之间的亲缘关系,利用7个微卫星位点,以波尔山羊为对照,对中国6个山羊群体进行了遗传检测,计算了各品种群体的等位基因频率、平均杂合度（He）、平均多态信息含量（PIC）和平均有效等位基因数（Ne）,同时分析了各品种群体内和群体间的遗传变异,并根据遗传距离进行了NJ聚类。结果表明,各群体的He、PIC、Ne分别为0.778-0.823、0.766-0.809、4.707-5.767;川东黑山羊和川东白山羊聚为一类,乌羊和南江黄羊聚为一类,其次是马头山羊、小香羊,最后是波尔山羊。微卫星标记分析结果与它们的地理分布及品种形成相一致。

This article described the relationship among the Small Xiang goat and the other goat variations which distributed in the mountainous area nearby,there were seven microsatellite loci which used to analyze the genetic diversity of six goat breeds of China,meanwhile,compared to the Boer goat breed.Based on the allele frequency of seven goat variations,we calculated that mean heterozygosity（He）,which were from 0.778 to 0.823;the mean polymorphism information contents（PIC） from 0.766 to 0.809 and the mean effective number of alleles（Ne） from 4.707 to 5.767.Genetic variations within breed and among breeds were analyzed in the study.We clustered the NJ tree according to the Nei standard genetic distances,it showed that the Black goat and the White goat clustered together first;at the same time,the Wu goat and the Nanjiang goat were clustered together first;the second were the Matou goat and the Small Xiang goat,furthest was Boer goat,which was consistent with their geographic distribution and breed formation.