ABA和乙烯与甜樱桃果实成熟的关系

Role of Abscisic Acid and Ethylene in Fruit Maturation of Sweet Cherry

以‘红灯’甜樱桃为试材,分析了果实生长发育过程中内源脱落酸(ABA)和1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)含量的变化以及外源ABA和乙烯利处理对果实成熟进程的影响,探讨了ABA和乙烯与甜樱桃果实成熟的关系。结果表明:果皮和果柄中的ABA含量呈逐渐上升的趋势,在花后43d达到最大值。果肉中的ABA含量呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势,在花后14d时含量较高,之后下降,花后25d开始又迅速上升,至花后36d出现一高峰,之后下降。种子中的ABA含量和果肉表现出相似的变化趋势,但ABA峰值的出现早于果肉。ACC含量在果实的整个发育过程中变化不大,并且一直处于很低的水平,最大值不足0.02nmol·g-1FW。外源ABA能促进内源ABA的合成和乙烯的释放,但对内源ACC的变化没有显著影响。乙烯利持续处理能促进乙烯的释放,提高内源ACC的水平。外源ABA能提高甜樱桃果实的成熟度和花青苷含量,促进果实软化。乙烯利处理对果实的硬度、花青苷含量和成熟度指数均没有显著影响。

Changes in concentrations of endogenous ABA and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid （ACC） of ‘Hongdeng＇ sweet cherry（Prunus avium L.‘Hongdeng＇）,and the effects of ABA and ethephon application on fruit maturation were investigated.The results suggested that ABA content of peel increase with the fruit maturation and be the highest at 43 days after full bloom （DAFB）.ABA content of pulp was higher at 14 DAFB and then decreased until 25 DAFB,but subsequently increased dramatically.The ACC level was low throughout the growth period.ABA application increased the level of endogenous ABA and ethylene production,but there was no effect of ABA application on endogenous ACC level.Ethephon application could increase the endogenous ethylene production and ACC level.ABA application increased the fruit maturation and anthocyanin content,accelerated fruit softening.There were no effects of ethephon application on fruit firmness,anthocyanin content and maturation index.