免疫固定电泳检查在M蛋白分型鉴定中的应用

Application of IFE in identification of M protein typing

目的探讨免疫固定电泳检查在多发性骨髓瘤等M蛋白相关疾病中的应用,及其对M蛋白疾病进行分型鉴定的意义。方法对40例2008年1月至2009年7月在我科治疗的40例单克隆免疫球蛋白增生症患者的血清进行免疫固定电泳和血清蛋白定量分析,并对两组结果进行比较。结果在所有患者中,IgG型占60.0%(24/40);IgA型占27.5%(11/40),单纯入轻链型占5.0%(2/40);不分泌型占7.5%(3/40)。免疫固定电泳在IgA组和轻链组中,对M蛋白的检出率明显高于血清蛋白定量,且两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用免疫固定电泳对M蛋白进行分型鉴定,具有灵敏度高,准确性好的特点,对多发性骨髓瘤的诊断分型及其预后均具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the characteristics of serum M protein in patients with multiple myeloma and to study the application of immunofixation eleetrophoresis in typing M proteins. Methods Forty serum samples from patients with monoclonal immunoglubulinopathy were examined by immunofixation electrophoresis, and quantitative analysis of serum immunoglobulins. Their results were compared with each other. Resuits Among these patients, 24 cases （60%） classified as IgG type, 11 cases （27.5 % ） as IgA type, 2 cases as light chain type and 3 cases as unsecretarial type myeloma. There was significant difference between immunofixation electrophoresis and quantitative analysis of immunoglobulin in detection of M proteins from immunoglobulins and light chains. Conclusion Serum immunofixation electrophoresis had high sensitivity and speci- ficity in identification and classification of multiple myeloma, and it has significant meaning in diagnosis, identification and prognosis of multiple myeloma and typing M proteins.