2207例住院患者医院感染的临床调查分析

Nosocomial infections of inpatients:a clinical study and analysis of 2207 cases

目的探讨二级综合性医院住院患者医院感染的特点。方法对2009年2207住院患者进行了前瞻性监测和回顾性调查,对医院感染病例特点进行分析。结果有70例患者发生医院感染,医院感染率为3.17%,感染部位以下呼吸道为首位(71.43%),以呼吸科为最高(30.00%)。病原体共检出35株,其中革兰阴性(G-)杆菌占40.00%,革兰阳性(G+)球菌占2.86%,真菌占57.14%。结论分析医院感染的危险因素,严格无菌操作,保护易感人群,积极治疗原发病,加强对感染源及病原体的监测,合理应用抗菌药物是预防医院感染的关键。

Objective To study the clinical features of nosocomial infections in a general hospital. Methods A total of 2207 inpatients in year of 2009 were monitored prospectively and investigated retrospectively. The clinical features of inpatients with nosocomial infections were ana- lysed. Results A total of 70 patients suffered fronl nosocomial infections. The rate of infection was 3.17 %. The infection in lower respiratory tract ranked at the first place （71.43%） and the highest infection rate was seen in department of respiratory （30.00%）. A total of 35 isolates of bac- teria were obtained, in which Gram- negative bacilli were accounted for 40.00%, Gram- positive cocci accounted for 2.86% and fungi for 57. 14%. Conclusion Based on the analysis of risk factors for nosocomial infections, we found that strict aseptic manipulation, protecting susceptible population in hospital, actively treating underlying diseases, strengthening the management of nosocomial infections, supervising towards bacteria and rational application of antibacterial drugs should be noted in control of nosocomial infections in hospitals.