超比较利益学说的构建

The Establishment of Super Comparative Advantage Theory

李嘉图的比较利益学说是国际贸易的核心学说。但是,在国际贸易中不仅存在比较利益,而且还存在超比较利益。所谓超比较利益,是一国与另一国进行对方没有能力生产的商品的贸易所具有的利益,贸易双方在这种商品生产上相对成本的差异趋向于无穷。超比较利益主要产生于社会资源的特点,特别是产生于技术和技能的积累。超比较利益商品的国际价格与比较利益商品的国际价格不同,它主要采用寡头垄断的定价方式。通过分析超比较利益的新范畴、超比较利益产生的源泉以及超比较利益产品的定价方式,可以构建超比较利益学说。该学说对于理解国际贸易的现象以及制定对外经济发展战略具有重要意义。

D. Ricardo＇s comparative advantage theory is the core of international trade theories. However, there is not only comparative advantage, but also super comparative advantage in international trade. Super comparative advantage results from the fact that a country exchanges a kind of product with another country but this product can be produced only by one country. The cost difference of this product is unlimited between two countries. Source of super comparative advantage is natural resource, special skill or technology. Price of product with super comparative advantage is oligopoly price. The theory of super comparative advantage is important for understanding the phenomenon of international trade and formulating the strategy of foreign trade development.