民国初年江南教会女生集体记忆中的国族认同

The National-Identity in the Collective Memory of the Jiangnan Christian Girls in the Early Years of the Republic China

关于教会女生的政治意识问题,学术界有一种惯常的看法,即认为她们不爱国。客观地说,这是一种祛除具体历史场景的误解。江南地区的教会女学最早且最发达。在近代中国"国族重建"的大背景下,江南教会女学的培养目标经历了从"新教民"到"新国民"的转变,教会女生的国民品性亦从"谋己利"转变为"争国权"。在民国初年,"为民族而挣扎"的江南教会女生们,通过"游移的身体"直接"负责任的救国"和经由"作文"感怀国事、启迪民智,进行间接的"理性救国"两种途径,向世人展示了一部感悟国族危难、探究国难根源、觉醒国民意识、履行国民责任的"她"的国族史。江南教会女生集体记忆中的国族认同所体现的内在理路,是近代中国民族主义压力下基督教教育的中国化问题。

This article advocates an social-historical approach to study the National Identity in the collective memory of the Jiangnan Christian Girls in the beginning era of the Republic China. It shows that in the historical context of the modern China, how the goals of the Jiangnan Christian Girls＇ body discipline had became to adapt the need of the national-rebuilding. By telling the national crisis and its origins, waking up the national consciousness and carrying out the national responsibility, the Jiangnan Christians Girls themselves wrote a ＂her history＂.