基于土地利用变化的东莞市海岸带生态风险研究

STUDY ON ECOLOGICAL RISK IN COASTAL ZONE OF DONGGUAN CITY BASED ON LAND USE CHANGE

利用2000、2006年东莞市ETM和SPOT遥感影像数据,基于RS、GIS技术和统计分析方法,选取土地利用指数和景观格局指数分析东莞市海岸带土地利用/覆被变化的时空特点和结构演变,研究土地利用变化对土地生态系统造成的风险。结果表明:东莞市海岸带土地利用变化的主导类型是围垦养殖用地的急剧减少和居住用地、工矿用地的大量扩张导致对景观的控制作用增强。在人类活动对土地的扰动作用日益加强和区域经济社会发展目标趋同性的双重影响下,景观的异质性程度增加,斑块在空间上的连接度降低,破碎化程度增大,土地生态风险程度增大。

Based on the ETM＋ and SPOT remote sensing images as well as the field survey data, this paper analyzes the characteristics of quantity and spatial changes in coastal zone of Dongguan city from 2000 to 2006 by RS, GIS and statistics methods to explore the ecological risks with land-use composite indexs and landscape pattern indexs. It is suggested that, the leading type and direction in land use/cover change is drastic reductions of water surfaces for breeding and rapid expasion of residential area and industrial area, which control the landscape variation more strongly. With the impact of increasing intensity of human activities and development of regional economy, The eco-environment in the study area is very vulnerable to the land use change, resulting in increasing of heterogeneity and decreasing of connectivity. Land use tends to be fragmentized, which obviously increases land ecological risk.