大湄公河次区域(GMS)主要国家农产品贸易竞争力研究

Study on the Agricultural Products Trade Competitiveness of Main GMS Countries

中国、泰国和越南等均为大湄公河次区域(GMS)农业大国,农业生产条件优越,近年农产品出口增长显著。本文利用相关数据对中、泰、越三国农产品的贸易专业化系数和产业内贸易指数进行了计算和分析。研究发现,中、泰、越三国农产品贸易均表现为比较劣势的并不太多,优势和劣势相对存在的产品种类占多数,三国间农产品贸易存在较强的互补性。对此,本文提出中国一方面应调整农业产业结构,扩大优势农产品种养殖规模;另一方面,应继续加强和扩大中泰、中越之间的农产品贸易以及农业技术交流合作,并重视与缅甸、柬埔寨、老挝等其他GMS国家的技术合作和农产品贸易往来。

Thailand,Vietnam and China are all large agricultural GMS countries whose agricultural product conditions are of comparative superiority,and agriculture of each country developed rapidly in recent years with remarkable export growth.The paper calculates and analyzes TSC and Grubel-Lloyd index based on relevant data.The analysis result shows that the agricultural products categories with comparative disadvantage simultaneously among Thailand,Vietnam and China are in the minority,while the condition that one country has disadvantage products and other one or two countries have advantage products is in the majority.There is a complementary relation among the agricultural products of the above three countries.In this regard,this paper advances that China should adjust the agricultural structure and expand the planting and breeding scale of competitive agricultural products on the one hand,and on the other hand should keep on strengthening and enlarging the agricultural products trade and agriculture technology communication and cooperation and paying attention to the technology cooperation and agricultural products trade intercourse among GMS countries such as Burma,Cambodia and Laos etc.