常熟市耕地资源时空演变特征

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL FEATURE OF CULTIVATED LAND RESOURCE EVOLUTION OF CHANGSHU CITY

基于卫星遥感影像数据,GIS空间分析技术和统计分析方法相结合,利用耕地面积缩减强度指数、空间叠加等方法分析了常熟市耕地资源的时空演变特征,揭示了苏南经济发达地区耕地资源减少的规律。研究发现,随着经济发展,常熟耕地资源逐渐减少,且因城区和工业用地扩张引起的耕地非农转化指向十分强烈,居民点空间的指向呈逐渐减弱的态势。从空间演变规律看,常熟耕地非农化主要表现在:1)经济增长越快,发展水平越高,耕地减少越快;2)在城市、港口区的镇耕地减少更快;3)港区和工业区的建设,使其周边耕地非农化速度加快;4)道路交通的扩张是耕地非农转化的一个稳定因素;5)不同时期,耕地非农占用的空间指向不同:从20世纪80年代被居民点用地占用逐渐变迁为2000年以后的被工业用地、城镇用地、港口用地占用为主。城市发展、港区建设、交通建设、农村居民点建设、工业化推进和经济发展是耕地资源缩减的主导影响因子。

Based on satellite remote sensing image with GIS soft and statistical method,through area shrinkage intensity index of cultivated land and spatial overlay,this paper analyzed temporal and spatial feature of evolution of cultivated land resources in Changshu City to reveal the reduced law of cultivated land resources of developed districts such as Sunan.The research shows that cultivated land resources in Changshu reduced because of economic development,and the pointing of the conversion of cultivated land became quite strong due to the expansion of urban area and industrial land and the spatial pointing of settlement was gradually weakened.From the spatial feature of evolution the conversion of cultivated land in Changshu mainly manifests as follows：1） the cultivated land when the economy,developed fast and the development,reach to the higher level decreased more quickly;2） cultivated land decreases more rapidly in urban,port districts and developed towns;3） the construction of port districts and industrial districts speed up the conversion of peripheral cultivated land;4） the construction of transportation is a stable factor to the conversion of cultivated land;5） the spatial pointing of the conversion of cultivated land is different in various periods：cultivated land was occupied by residential land in 80＇s,then mainly occupied by industrial land,urban land,port land after 2000.Urban development,port construction,traffic construction,rural settlement construction,industrial promoting and economic development are all dominant influencing factors of the shrinkage of cultivated land resources.