我国生态系统研究的发展趋势与优先领域

Trends and priority areas in ecosystem research of China

进入21世纪以来,生态系统研究取得了重要进展,在国际上形成了一系列的研究热点,包括生物多样性与生态系统功能、生态系统管理、生态风险与生态安全、全球变化的生态响应与效应等,表现出向着机理深化、多尺度系统监测与模拟、社会经济自然综合评价与管理对策等多维方向发展的总体趋势。中国的资源环境问题已经成为经济社会发展所面临的重要挑战。为应对挑战,我国已经开展了大规模生态保护、生态恢复重建等方面的生态工程,从而对生态系统研究提出了一系列亟待解决的科学问题。在综合分析中国国情和国际学术研究前沿领域与发展趋势的基础上,本文提出了我国未来生态系统研究的优先领域和重点方向。

Ecosystem research has experienced important progress since the beginning of the 21st century.A series of hot scientific themes have aroused much attention of the academic realm such as biodiversity and ecosystem functioning,ecosystem management,ecological risks and ecological security,the ecological responses and effects of global change.The general trend of contemporary ecological research is multidimensional and can be summarized as deepening the scientific understanding on ecological mechanisms,ecosystem monitoring and modeling across spatiotemporal scales,integrative ecosystem assessment and management with consideration of both socioeconomic and biophysical factors.The socioeconomic development in China is faced with serious challenges for the limited natural resource reserve and disturbing environmental problems.In response to these challenges,large scale ecological conservation and restoration projects have already been implemented across the country,for which many scientific questions in ecosystem research are urgently needed for resolution.This paper proposed some priority areas and important directions for ecosystem science in China based on the integrative analysis of the trends and frontiers of international level ecological research and the practical needs for the relationship between environmental and development in China.