红萍湿养栽培供O_2装置研制

Development of Azolla Wet Culture Device for Supplying O_2

红萍作为空间站受控生态生命保障系统中的生物部件,可望为航天员提供O_2和新鲜蔬菜并吸收CO_2.研究红萍湿养栽培供O_2装置,旨在建立地面非生物部件,满足模拟研究的需要.介绍了所研发装置及关键部件的结构特点和工作原理.通过红萍湿养板内湿养栽培介质的结构功能设计,在蓄水保水基质层内部配置具有毛细作用的渗水管路,介质始终保持整体湿润而表面无明水状态,为红萍扎根稳固、营养吸收和生长繁殖创造条件.水压试验确定了渗水管路的主要技术参数和闭合式红萍培养液输配循环系统的间歇循环周期.整机产出量试验结果表明,在层间距125 mm,整机红萍湿养面积6.3 m^2,超高亮度白色LED人工光源能耗152 W/m^2,红萍表面的光照强度6000～6500 lx,整机的红萍湿养产量、红萍放O_2量和吸收CO_2量相应大幅提高,装置各项性能指标均达到设计要求.

Azolla is an important biological component of the Controlled Ecological Life Support System（CELSS）,because it can supply O_2 and absorb CO_2 from the environment,and can be used as a fresh vegetable by the astronauts.Developing Azolla wet culture device for supplying O_2 to set up non-living components on the ground aims to meet the needs of simulation research.The structure characteristics and working principles of the device and its key component are introduced in this paper.By structure and function designation of medium in Azolla wet culture plate,infiltration pipeline of capillary action is set inner store and conserve water stroma layer to keep the overall surface of medium wet but no obvious water always,which creates beneficial conditions for rooting and fixing,nutrient absorption,growth and reproduction.The main technical parameters of water pipe line and intermittent circulatory periods of closed Azolla culture medium transmission and distribution system are determined in the hydraulic pressure test.The results of machine output test show that when the interlayer spacing is 125 mm,Azolla wet culture area of overall unit is 6.3 m^2,using ultra-high brightness white LED as artificial light source,Azolla surface light intensity is 6000～6500lx,the energy consumption is 152 W/m^2,Azolla yield,the amount of O_2-release and CO_2-absorption of overall unit will be increased by a wide margin,and every performance index is in accordance with the design requirement.