锦屏水电站岩土渣场植被恢复的动态特征

Dynamic characteristics of vegetation restoration in geotechnical residue field of Jinping Hydropower Station

植被恢复过程物种多样性的动态特征变化反映了植被的恢复程度。本研究以膨润土-纤维复合的岩土渣场植被恢复技术(CSR工程技术)作为岩土渣场植被恢复的应用背景,以锦屏二级水电站岩土渣场为对象,通过对植被恢复群落的调查和物种多样性分析,研究了岩土渣场人工恢复群落物种多样性动态特征。结果表明:初期选取的植物普遍表现出对环境的适应性,且豆科植物在群落中占据着主要的优势;随时间加长,禾本科、菊科等多年生草本植物逐渐增多,在群落功能维持中占据重要地位;群落动态与多样性关系紧密,随演替进展群落物种组成与物种多样性增加,群落生态优势度下降,而均匀度增加,群落渐趋稳定。

Vegetation restoration is a basic and strategic engineering measure for the re-construction of abandoned land and the prevention of soil erosion,while the dynamic characteristics of species diversity in the vegetation restoration can reflect the degree of vegetation recovery. By using closure and infiltration-storage-regulated supply （CSR） engineering as the applied restoration background,and with the geotechnical residue field of Jinping Hydropower Station as test object,the dynamic characteristics of vegetation communities in the field were studied through community investigation and diversity analysis. The plants selected at the early stage of vegetation recovery generally showed good adaptation to the environment,with legumes being the dominant in the community. The species of Gramineae,Compositae,and other perennial herbaceous plants increased gradually with time,and played important roles in maintaining community function. There was a close correlation between community dynamics and species diversity. With the process of succession,the community composition,diversity,and evenness increased,while ecological dominance decreased.