基于净初级生产力的中国生态足迹产量因子测算

Estimation of China ecological footprint production coefficient based on net primary productivity

生态足迹作为一种非货币化的生态系统评估工具,是近年来国际上一种重要的判别可持续发展程度的生物物理量方法。产量因子是生态足迹计算中的一个重要参数,其准确与否直接影响到计算结果的可靠性与可比性。随着生态足迹方法的广泛应用,其标准化和本地化成为迫切需要。为了便于区域水平上的生态足迹空间分析,本文采用中国2001年1kmMODIS数据,根据植被的净初级生产力,计算出全国和不同省份各种土地类型的产量因子。结果表明:就中国产量因子而言,由于中国农地生产力水平高于全球平均水平,其产量因子为1.74,而其余几种类型土地的产量因子均<1,分别为林地0.86,畜牧地0.51,渔场0.74;就不同省份而言,由于区域内不同土地利用类型的相对生产能力不同,产量因子各不相同。

Ecological footprint（EF）,as a kind of biophysical indicator in measuring the humanity＇s use extent of natural resources,is considered as one of the most successful methods to assess the sustainable development,and has gained much attention on national and international level since it was first used by Wackernagel and Rees in 1996.Production coefficient is an important parameter in EF model,and directly affects the reliability of the results.In order to make comparisons among different regions in China,production coefficient was introduced to relate the regional primary productivities of different land types（i.e.,cropland,pasture,forest land,and fishing ground）to the integrated average primary biomass productivity of the corresponding land type.Aimed to analyze the ecological footprint of different areas in regional scale,this paper calculated the production coefficient on national level and provincial level based on the net primary productivity（NPP）from MODIS data with 1-km resolution in 2001.On national level,the production coefficient of cropland,forest land,pasture,and fishing ground was 1.74,0.86,0.51,and 0.74,respectively,which meant that the cropland productivity in China was bigger than the global average one.On provincial level,the production coefficient differed with provinces,because the NPP of different land use types in different regions was varied.