平行气流真菌孢子释放强度试验研究

Experimental research on parallel air-flow fungal spore source release strength

真菌是室内环境中普遍存在的空气微生物污染物,可对人体产生许多危害.采用自行开发的平行气流真菌孢子释放强度测定装置(PAFST),测量了5种典型风速下,4种常见真菌孢子柑桔青霉(Penicillium citrinum)、扩张青霉(Penicillium expansum)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)和枝孢属(Cladosporium Spp.)在3种材料表面的释放强度.结果表明气流的作用形式是影响孢子释放强度的主要因素;在琼脂表面,风速0.9m/s时,柑桔青霉的释放强度为(7±9)个/cm2;枝孢属在风速4.7m/s时,释放强度为(50±35)个/cm2;在无纺布表面柑桔青霉和扩张青霉的最小释放气流速度是0.3m/s,黑曲霉是2.4m/s,枝孢属为9.4m/s;当达到孢子释放最大强度时,风速增加释放强度将不再增大.

Fungi are ubiquitous organisms in the indoor environment and can cause numerous adverse health problems. The parallel air-flow fungal spore source strength tester （PAFST） was developed to test the release strength of the Penicillium citrinum,Penicillium expansum,Aspergillus niger,Cladosporium Spp. under 5 air velocities and on 3 materials surfaces. The results show that the action type of air-flow is an important factor to affect the spore release strength. On agar surface when v=0.9 m/s,the release strength of Penicillium citrinum is （7±9） spores/cm2,and that of Cladosporium Spp. is （50±35） spores/cm2 at v=4.7 m/s. On the non-woven surface,the minimum air velocity to release spore of Penicillium citrinum and Penicillium expansum is 0.3 m/s,and those of Aspergillus niger and Cladosporium Spp. are 2.4 m/s and 9.4 m/s respectively. When reaching the maximum spore release strength,the spore release strength doesn＇t increase with air velocity increasing.