同行评议中性别歧视问题研究综述

A Literature Review on the Gender Bias Issue in the Peer-Review System

科学共同体中"女性在高职位上的低参与"现象,被一些人认为是由于同行评议制度系统性的性别歧视带来的结果。近些年来,欧美科学社会学家对这一假设进行了多项实证研究。本文介绍了针对期刊论文审稿、项目资助申请和职称评定的同行评议所进行的一些有影响的研究,并指出了这些研究可能存在的一些问题。

It is partly accepted that the phenomenon of ＂the lower participation in high levels of women＂ in the scientific community is caused by the gender bias in the peer-review system. In recent years,many European and American scientific sociologists have carried out a number of empirical studies on this hypothesis. This article introduces some influential studies concerning the peer reviews of the journal papers,applications for project funds and the professional evaluation,and points out some problems existing in these studies.