湖南省邵阳市某高等专科学校女生膳食营养状况调查

Investigation on nutritional status of female students in a higher vocational school of Shaoyang city,Hunan province

目的了解邵阳市某高等专科学校(简称高专)女生的膳食特点,为改善其膳食结构提供科学依据。方法采用称重法、膳食频率调查法和24 h回顾法对500名住宿高专女生进行膳食调查;利用身高标准体重法评价高专女生的营养状况;用SPSS 11.5软件进行数据的统计学分析。结果(1)女生营养不良率为13.4%,较低体重率为47.5%,超重、肥胖发生率为3.3%;(2)女生的热能和部分营养素摄入均不足,特别是钙;(3)三大物质供能比例均不合理;三餐热能分配不合理,早餐热能偏低,晚餐热能偏高。结论高专女生的营养状况较差,膳食结构不合理,应积极倡导平衡膳食,提高学生的营养水平。

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of female students in a higher vocational school of Shaoyang,and provide scientific basis for improvement of their dietary.Methods A dietary survey was conducted among 500 female boarders.Gravimetric method,questionnaire of food frequency,and 24-hour retrospective study were used in this survey.The index of standard body height/body weight was used to evaluate the nutritional status.The data were analyzed by the software of SPSS 11.5.Results The percentage of nutrition deficient lower bodyweight,overweight and obesity were 13.4%,47.5% and 3.3%,respectively.Deficiencies were found in calorie and some nutrients,especially in calcium.Sources of calorie intake were disproportionate for carbohydrate,protein and fat.Calorie intake from breakfast was also lower than recommended levels,while calorie intake from late dinner was higher than recommended levels.Conclusion The nutritional status of female students in the higher vocational school was not optimal and dietary pattern was irrational.Balanced food and rational schedule should be actively advised to improve the nutritional status of students.