石化生产企业有毒物质对女工生育结局影响的调查

Study on toxic exposure risk and outcomes of pregnant women in an enterprise of petrochemical production

目的通过对石化生产企业女工的回顾性调查,了解石化生产企业有毒物质对女工生育结局的影响。方法对1 774名已婚女工进行回顾性调查,对所得数据用EPI建立数据库,使用SAS进行χ2和logistic回归分析。结果将调查对象设为暴露组(1 019名)和对照组(686名)。石化生产企业作业(暴露组)女工的自然流产率和早产率高于对照组(χ2=6.80,P<0.01,χ2=4.65,P<0.05),足月产率低于对照组(χ2=17.02,P<0.01),其差异有统计学意义;对自然流产危险因素建立logistic回归模型分析,暴露组女工自然流产率明显高于对照组;对生产环境中主要毒物单独进行分析,未发现与自然流产率有明显关联。结论石化企业作业危险因素暴露下的女工,自然流产率明显高于对照组:单一毒物对自然流产影响较小,各种毒物联合作用的影响较大,而适当活动、进食优质蛋白和蔬菜,可能减少自然流产的发生。

Objective To investigate risk factors of toxic substance in married women who worked for an enterprise of petrochemical production and analyze the outcomes of pregnancies.Methods A retrospective survey was carried out to investigate a total of 1 774 married women in an enterprise of petrochemical production.The data were stored in an EPI database,which was designed for the research project.χ2 and logistical regression analysis were performed by SAS software version 9.1.Results 1 774 women were divided into exposure group（1 019） and control（686）.The rate of natural abortion and pre-term delivery were significantly higher in the exposure group than those in the control group（χ2 =6.80,P0.01;χ2 =4.65,P0.05）;while the rate of full-term delivery was significantly lower in the exposure group than in the control（χ2 =17.02,P0.01）.Logistic regression model did not find the association of exposure of single toxic material with pre-term delivery or natural abortion.Conclusion Exposure to multiple toxic materials might play an important role of pre-term delivery and natural abortion in pregnant women.It is necessary to evaluate environmental exposure of toxic materials and provide sufficient protection for pregnant women in the enterprise of petrochemical production.