“摸着石头过河”与“可改可不改的不改”——改革背景下的当代中国宪法变迁

On the Constitutional Transformation under the Background of Reform in Contemporary China

本文从"良性违宪"学说的萌发,法学界对于该理论的回应,直至"宪法变通与地方试验"说的提出,来对相关宪法变迁理论进行一个初步梳理和反思。文章指出:"良性违宪"行为的产生,除了宪法技术和分权机制的原因,还和"摸着石头过河"的制度突破模式与"可改可不改的不改"之宪法修改模式的相互冲突有关,而这种冲突的根源,则正在于改革本身;同时,这种表面上的冲突,实际上恰恰构成了改革时代宪法变迁模式的内在理路:从制度试验到推及全国到党的理论到宪法确认。

The doctrine of ＂begnign unconstitutionality＂is a special constitutional phenomenon in contemporary China.It attributes to much effect,such as the system of division of powers,or constitutional techniques.It is also because of the conflicts between ＂institutional break＂ and ＂constitutional amendment mode＂.In fact,the conflicts also cause the mode of Chinese constitutional transformation in the reforming age.