不同类型日粮对奶牛十二指肠食糜中氨基酸含量的影响

Effects of Different Diet Types on Amino Acid Content in Duodenum Digesta of Dairy Cows

本研究利用2种粗饲料(玉米秸秆青贮和玉米秸秆)3种精粗比(3∶7、4.5∶5.5和7∶3)设计了6种试验日粮饲喂奶牛,选择3头安装永久性十二指肠近端瘘管的体重550～600kg的健康荷斯坦奶牛,采用3×3拉丁方设计,试验分2个阶段进行,每个阶段3期,探讨了不同类型日粮对奶牛十二指肠食糜中氨基酸含量及组成的影响。结果显示,本试验条件下,粗饲料种类及精粗比均可影响奶牛十二指肠食糜中的氨基酸含量。粗饲料种类对奶牛十二指肠食糜中氨基酸含量及组成的影响较小,而精粗比的影响较大;日粮组成对奶牛十二指肠食糜中氨基酸含量的影响因氨基酸种类而异,各种氨基酸中,影响最大的是Met、Thr、Leu,其次是Val、Lys、Phe、His,而Arg、Ile基本不受日粮组成的影响。以上结果说明粗饲料种类及精粗比均可影响奶牛十二指肠食糜中的氨基酸含量。

In order to study the effects of different diets on the amino acids content in duodenum digesta of cows, 6 kinds of diet with 2 kinds of roughage （corn stover silage and corn stover） and 3 kinds of concentrate to roughage ratio （3 ： 7, 4.5 ： 5.5 and 7 ： 3） were used as feed in the research. Three healthy Holstein cows with permanent cannulas at the proximal duodenum with the body weight of 550-600 kg were selected according to 3× 3 Latin design. The experiment was divided into 2 stages with 3 periods. The results showed that the kinds of roughage had little influence on content of amino acids, while the ratio of concentrate to roughage had larger influence. The influence of dietary composition on the content of amino acids changed with the kinds of amino acids. The most affected amino acids were Met, Thr and Leu, and the Val, Lys, Phe and His were the second, while Arg and Ile changed little with the dietary composition. The results indicated that the kinds of roughage and the ratio of concentrate to roughage could influence the content of amino acids in duodenum digesta.