福建省沙溪鱼类群落结构研究

Study on fish community structure in Shaxi River in Fujian Province

根据2007-2008年沙溪鱼类资源调查资料,分析了沙溪鱼类种类组成,优势种、常见种及其季节变化,生态类型等群落结构。本次调查共捕获鱼类59种,隶属于6目15科30属。采用Pinkas的IRI指数分析沙溪鱼类群落季节变化,结果表明:沙溪优势种季节变化不大,以鲤鱼、鲴类、黄颡鱼为主,常见种略有季节变化。沙溪鱼类生态类型多样,以底层、杂食性、适应静水生活鱼类为主。与30年前相比,沙溪河肉食性鱼类、底层鱼类、适应流水鱼类种类数都有较为明显的下降,杂食性鱼类、耐氧性鱼类、适应缓流或静水生活的鱼类则有上升趋势。

Based on the data collected in 2007 - 2008, fish species, the temporal changes of dominant species and normal species, ecological types of fish community structure in Shaxi River were analyzed. Fishes of 6 orders, 15 families, 30 genera and 59 species were collected in Shaxi River. The temporal changes of fish community through IRI indexes were anaylased, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus.Xenocyprininae,Pseudobagrus fulvidraco were the dominant species and were obvious in all the yearround, Norreal species of Shaxi River changded slightly. The ecological types of the fish were consisted of benthic fishes, omnivorous fish and adapting to lentic or slow current fishes mainly. The fishes Adapting to fast current, the demersal fishes have been a recession trend. On the contrary, the species living in lentic or slow current, miscellaneous food, oxygen - resistant environments have a increaning trend. This shows that Shad River fish resources have been a recession trend.