餐具用乳浊玻璃材料的研制

THE STUDY ON OPACIFIED GLASS FOR TABLEWARES

以钠长石、石英、磷酸二氢铵、硼酸、碳酸锂、锂辉石等为主要原料,采用传统熔制法制备餐具用乳浊玻璃。重点研究了原料组成配比、析晶温度、时间等对玻璃形成、流动性及其乳浊效果的影响,通过单因素和正交试验设计得到优化实验配方,采用X射线衍射(XRD)与扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对析出晶体种类以及玻璃微观结构进行了表征,计算了其理论热膨胀系数,测定了抗折强度和热稳定性。结果表明:优化配方组成样品经过550℃热处理12h,由于强化了富P玻璃相和富Si玻璃相的分相从而达到半透明的乳浊效果,且抗折强度达到55Mpa,具有优良的抗热震性能,符合国家对日用餐具的要求。

Feldspar, quartz, monoammonium phosphate, boric acid, lithium carbonate, spodumene, etc. were used as raw materials to prepare opacified glass for tablewares by traditional melting process. The effects of compositions, crystallization temperature and time on the glass-forming, high-temperature fluidity and opacification were studied. Single-factor and orthogonal test methods were used to design and optimize the experiments for gaining an optimized formula and process. XRD and SEM were employed to characterize the crystalline phase compositions and the microstructures of the samples. The theoretical thermal expansion coefficient, bending strength and thermal stability were calculated and tested, respectively. The results show that： samples prepared with the optimal formula have semitranslucency, rather good bending strength of 55Mpa, and excellent thermal shock resistance, which is in line with the national requirements for daily utensils.