基于利益相关者视角的国外文化旅游地发展模式分析及其启示

An Analysis of the Development Patterns and Theirs Implications of Foreign Cultural Tourism Destinations Based on Stakeholder Perspectives

文化旅游是当今世界旅游发展中最为突出的旅游类型,因而,文化旅游地也是各国着力经营的旅游空间。但在发展过程中存在各利益主体相互博弈的动态平衡,形成不同的发展类型。本文从利益相关者视角分析国外文化旅游目的地不同利益相关者对目的地发展影响的诸模式及其后果。通过分析,国外文化旅游地发展模式大致呈现政府主导型、非政府组织主导型、外部势力主导型、共同发展型、自由发展型、交替发展型等类型。基于此,笔者探讨了国外各类型文化旅游地在发展过程中如何协调利益相关者利益及其优劣势,以及对我国文化旅游地发展的若干启示。

Cultural Tourism is the most prominent one in the development of world tourism today, and therefore, cultural tourism destination is the tourism area where various countries make great efforts to operate. However, results of various interest groups game playing with each other lead to a dynamic equilibrium, forming different development types in the development process. This paper analyses various impact models of different stakeholders on destination development and theirs consequences in cultural tourism destination abroad from stakeholder perspectives.Through analysis, the patterns of development in cultural tourism destination abroad largely follow theses models such as government-led, non-governmental organization-led, dominanted by external forces, common development, free development and alternate development ,and so on. Based on this, the authors discusses various types of foreign cultural tourism destination how to coordinate interests of stakeholders and its strengths and weaknesses in its development process as well as a certain number of inspirations for the development of cultural tourism in our country.