无创兔颈椎间盘退变动物模型的实验研究

Experimental Study of Rabbit Model for Cervical Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

目的:设计一种无创颈椎间盘退变动物模型的制备方法并验证其可行性,为防治颈椎病研究提供动物模型和实验依据。方法:20只日本大耳白兔随机分为模型组和对照组,每组10只。模型组采用特制的固定布套将兔颈部固定于屈曲60°位,4h/d;对照组兔戴上布套,允许其颈椎自由活动。在造模后3月,每组10只大耳白兔,麻醉及处死后行:①X线观察放射影像学变化;②光镜、电镜下观察组织形态学变化。比较组间的差异性。结果:模型组颈椎间盘间隙稍狭窄、椎体边缘有骨质增生,出现软骨细胞变性、坏死,髓核皱缩,纤维环胶原纤维变性、排列紊乱等组织形态学改变;对照组颈椎间盘组织形态无明显变化。结论:本造模法符合人椎间盘退变的客观规律,操作简便易行,造模效果确切(较长时间处于异常应力环境下能使兔颈椎间盘组织形态、基质生化成分发生明显退行性改变),且对所观察椎间盘无直接干扰,有利于对椎间盘退变的防治进行深入研究。

Objective：To design a new animal model of cervical intervertebral disc degeneration and to test its practicability in order to provide basis for prevention and treatment of cervical spondylosis. Methods：Twenty Japanese white rabbits were divided into experimental group and the control group,ten in each. The necks of rabbits in the experimental group were kept at 60 degree flexion,four hours a day,while those in control group were allowed to move freely. Three months after that,X-ray was used to observe the imaging changes,meanwhile,light microscope and electron microscope were applied to observe histopathological changes. Results：In the experimental group,the intervertebral disc space became narrow. On the edges of vertebrae,there was hyperostosis,cartilage cell degeneration and necrosis,and dehydration of nucleus pulposus. There was also fibrous degeneration and derangement of the annular fibrosus. There were no significant histological changes in control group. Conclusion：The present method offers an ideal in vivo animal model for studying the degeneration of cervical intervertebral disc.