神经干细胞移植对脊髓损伤后大鼠行为和神经组织学的影响

Effect of Neural Stem Cell on Behavior and Histological Changes of Rats after Spinal Cord Injury

目的观察神经干细胞移植对脊髓损伤后大鼠行为和神经组织学的影响。方法建立脊髓损伤动物模型,脊髓内注射神经干细胞,采用改良Gale联合评分法评价神经功能,通过H-E染色及尼氏体染色观察脊髓灰白质及神经元的组织学改变。结果脊髓损伤神经干细胞移植组大鼠感觉、运动功能恢复明显(P<0.05);灰、白质中出现小片状出血,神经元肿胀、破裂、溶解,尼氏小体减少程度较脊髓损伤组轻,损伤坏死区胶质细胞较脊髓损伤组增多(P<0.05)。结论使用神经干细胞移植能减轻神经细胞坏死程度,减轻脊髓损伤,并使损伤坏死区胶质细胞增多,促进脊髓损伤的修复,对脊髓损伤大鼠感觉、运动功能的恢复有促进作用。

Objective To observe the effect of neural stem cells on the behavior and histological changes of rats after acute spinal cord injury. Methods The model of spinal cord injury was established and neural stem cells were injected into the spinal cords of rats. The behavior and histological changes were observed by H-E and Nissl staining. Results In behavior examination, there was significant difference （P〈0.05） between the spinal cord injury group treated with stem cells and the spinal cord injury control group. In histological examination, there were small splinter haemorrhage in the gray matter and white matter. The degree of axonal swelling, fragmentation of myelin sheath, and the damage of nerve cell of the treatment group were lower than those of the spinal cord injury control group while there were more glia cells in the zone of injury of the treatment group than in that of the spinal cord injury control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The application of neural stem cells can lower the degree of axonal swelling, fragmentation of myelin sheath and the damage of nerve cell, thus reducing the degree of spinal cord injury and promoting the proliferation of glia cells in the injury zone and finally repairing the spinal cord. The transplanted neural stem cells can restore the feeling and motor function to the rats with spinal cord injury.