套袋苹果果实中钙素分布及抗氧化酶活性与苦痘病关系的研究(摘要)(英文)

Distribution of Calcium in Bagged Apple Fruit and Relationship between Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Bitter Pit

[目的]研究套袋苹果果实中钙素分布及抗氧化酶活性与苦痘病的关系,为解决苹果栽培中钙的生理代谢障碍提供依据。[方法]以红富士苹果为试验材料,测定摘袋后和储藏期内果实不同部位苹果的萼洼和梗洼、照光面和背光面Ca2+含量变化和抗氧化酶的活性。Ca2+含量采用原子吸收法测定;过氧化物酶(POD)活性测定采用愈创木酚氧化法;超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性测定采用氮蓝四唑法;过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性测定采用高锰酸钾滴定法;抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性测定时,在粗酶提取液pH值为7.8磷酸缓冲液(PBS)中加入0.5mmol/L抗坏血酸,按照Asada法测定;丙二醛(MDA)含量测定时,以3%的磺基水杨酸作为提取液,按王爱国等方法测定。[结果]果实照光面Ca2+含量高于背光面,果实梗洼处Ca2+含量高于萼洼处;果实照光面SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性高于背光面,梗洼处SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性高于萼洼处;果实照光面MDA含量低于背光面,梗洼处MDA含量低于萼洼处。苦痘病的发生与Ca2+浓度密切相关,Ca2+浓度为0～10mg/kg时果实发病严重,Ca2+浓度为10～25mg/kg时发病一般,Ca2+浓度为25～45mg/kg时发病较轻,Ca2+浓度为45～60mg/kg时偶发,Ca2+浓度在60mg/kg以上时果实几乎不发病。喷施钙肥可减少苦痘病发生,在一定程度上提高果实品质。[结论]果实照光面苦痘病发病率低于背光面,果实梗洼处苦痘病发病率低于萼洼处。

[Objective]The aim was to study the distribution of Ca in bagged apple fruit and the relationship between antioxidant enzyme activity and bitter pit disease,which will provide a basis for resolving Ca metabolism disorder in apple cultivation. [Method]With Fuji Apple as the tested material,the changes of Ca2＋ content and antioxidant enzyme activity in different parts of apple fruit after picking bags and storage period were determined. [Result]The results showed that Ca contents in the light surface of fruits were higher than that in the backlight surface. The Ca contents of stalk cavity were higher than that of calyx-end. The activities of SOD,POD,CAT and APX in the light surface of fruits were higher than that in the backlight surface. The activities of SOD,POD,CAT and APX of stalk cavity were higher than that of calyx-end. The contents of MDA in the light surface of fruits were lower than that in the backlight surface. The contents of MDA of stalk cavity were lower than that of calyx-end. [Conclusion]The incidence rate of bitter pit in the light surface of fruits were lower than that in the backlight surface,and the incidence rate of bitter pit of stalk cavity were lower than that of calyx-end.