Eco-environment Evolution and Its Sustainable Development Strategies in Western China

中国西部地区生态环境演变及可持续发展(英文)

Natural condition in Western China is relatively poor and regional economy level is low. The ecological environment has been seriously damaged by population growth and over-exploitation of natural resources. It is very important for coordinating the regional development and safeguarding ecological security to discuss the eco-environment evolution trend and its sustainable development strategies in Western China. Based on analyzing documents and relative research,the changes of main ecological and environmental problems in the western region,such as degradation of forest and grassland ecosystems,shrinkage of wetland,desertification,water and soil erosion,etc. were synthetically discussed. Then,according to the development trend,some countermeasures for eco-environment protection and rehabilitation and sustainable development were proposed.

我国西部地区自然条件较为恶劣、区域经济水平较低,人口增长和自然资源的过度开发使生态环境遭到严重的破坏。探讨我国西部生态环境演变趋势及对策对于协调发展与保护的关系、保障我国生态安全具有重要意义。在分析已有研究成果的基础上,该研究探讨了西部地区森林和草地生态系统退化、湿地萎缩、沙漠化、水土流失等主要生态环境问题的演变规律,并根据其发展的趋势,提出了西部地区生态环境整治以及可持续发展的对策:①充分了解西部地区的生态环境以及人类活动等特征,在此基础上,对西部生态环境进行合理的区域划分,针对不同的区域采取不同的措施进行生态环境恢复和保护;②研发和集成各种生态综合整治的治理技术与模式,并充分考虑生态治理技术与模式的特点和要求,结合区域划分的结果,揭示其区域适宜范围,并探讨治理技术和模式的推广途径,以点带面,在区域上进行推广;③对西部生态环境开展动态监测,对生态环境恢复重建的各项工程和措施进行评估;④从流域尺度、区域尺度开展生态补偿机制研究,从机制、政策方面强化西部生态环境的保护,进一步协调西部地区生态环境保护与经济社会可持续发展的关系。