雾化吸入辅助叩背对老年卒中患者痰标本质量的影响

Atomization and back percussion for collection of sputum specimens among elderly stroke patients

目的探讨高渗盐水、沐舒坦雾化吸入辅助背部叩击对老年卒中肺部感染患者痰标本质量的影响。方法将72例老年卒中留痰困难的患者分为诱导前组和诱导组各36例,分别进行留痰操作,留取标本送实验室分别进行目测、涂片、并接种血平板观察细菌的构成情况。结果两组痰液性状、痰涂片细胞的分布比率,以及菌群分布变化存在显著差异(均P<0.01);两组呼吸道样本菌群分布各有特点。结论高渗盐水、沐舒坦雾化吸入辅助背部叩击对老年卒中肺部感染患者痰标本留取困难有明显的改善作用,对黏稠的痰液起到软化、稀释作用,有利于致病菌的排出。

Objective To explore the effect of aerosol inhalation of hypertonic saline, and aerosol inhalation of ambroxol in combination with back percussion for collecting sputum specimens of elderly stroke patients with pulmonary infection. Methods Totally, 72 elderly stroke patients who had difficulty in collecting sputum specimens were equally divided into a pre-induction group and an in- duction group. Sputum specimens of the two groups were harvested respectively, and the specimens were sent to the lab and were observed in naked eyes. Then the sputum was smeared and inoculated to blood agar composition for identification of bacteria. Results The characteristics of the sputum, and the distribution of cells on sputum smears, and the distribution of bacteria had signifi- cant differences between the two groups（P〈0. 01 for all）. The distribution of bacteria of the two groups presented their own fea tures. Conclusion Aerosol inhalation of hypertonic saline and ambroxol in combination of back percussion makes it easier to obtain sputum specimens from elderly stroke patients with pulmonary infection. The approach can dilute the sticky sputum, and helps the discharge of pathogens .