污水灌溉对农业环境影响的研究——以石家庄市污水灌溉区为例

Effects of sewage irrigation on agro-environment-A case study from Shijiazhuang Sewage Ir-rigation Areas.

通过对石家庄市污水灌溉区污水、农作物、土壤及地下水的现状调查及评价,研究了污水灌溉对农作物、土壤及地下水的影响。结果表明,石家庄市排放的污水水质为有机污染类型,硫化物污染较重,有机物污染中度,重金属类污染较轻;污水对排污水渠两侧地下水有影响,影响范围为100～200m;该市已用污水灌溉农田40年,作物(小麦、玉米)籽粒中重金属含量均相应低于国家食品重金属限量卫生标准;表层土壤中重金属含量均低于国家土壤环境质量标准中规定的二级标准。合理灌溉污水可增加土壤有机质和全N含量。

Effects of sewage irrigation on crops, soil and ground water in Shijiazhuang Sewage Irrigation Areas are studied. The results show those of the sewage in Shijiazhuang is polluted moderately by organic matter,seriously by sulphide, lightly by heavy metal. The ground wa-ter that is 100 to 200m distant from the sewage channel is polluted. In past forty years, the heavy metal contents in seeds of wheat and corn planted in the sewage-irrigated land are lower than those of the National Foods-Heavy Metals Limited Standard, those in surface soil are all lower than the second degree standard of the National Soil Environmental Assessment Standard. The contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen can be improved by irrigating sewage reasonably.