哈尔滨市城市扩展与地表热环境变化关系研究

Study on the Relationship between Urban Expansion and Land Surface Thermal Environment Change in Harbin City

采用1989,2001和2007年LandsatTM/ETM+遥感数据,利用单窗算法对哈尔滨市地表温度进行反演,从热岛强度、不同类型下垫面转换对温度的影响以及温度重心转移等方面分析了哈尔滨市地表温度随城市扩展的变化规律。研究认为:哈尔滨市城镇面积、城镇用地比重、城市扩展指数都表现为持续增长的趋势,城市主要沿香坊区公滨路、哈阿公路、太平区和松花江以北地区扩展;哈尔滨市高温区面积表现为持续增长,常温区、低温区面积不断减少;城市用地对地表热效应贡献最大,其他类型下垫面向城市用地转换均表现为正温度效应;哈尔滨市城市扩展与温度场强度转移方向相一致,城市扩展是导致城市地表热环境变化的主要原因。

This paper retrieves the land surface temperature by using Mono-window Algorithm from 1989,2001 and 2007 Landsat TM/ETM ＋ data in Harbin ; analysises the LST change law follow with Harbin urban expansion from urban heat island intensity, the temperature impact from different types of surface conversion, the gravity transfer. Some research results are as followed ： Harbin urban areas, the proportion of urban land and urban expansion index sustained growth, urban expansion along Xiangfang re, on Gongbin road, Ha＇road, Taiping region and north Songhua River; the areas of high temperature zone increase a lot, normal and low temperature zone areas decrease a lot; urban land has the biggest contribution for surface thermal effects; When other surface features convert to urban land, the temperature increase ; the direction and intensity of Harbin urban expansion are the same as temperature gravity transfer, so the urban expansion is main reason for surface thermal environment change.