不同胎龄初生儿头围与胸围比值关系研究

Investigation on relationship between head circumference and chest circumference in neonates of different gestational weeks

目的:研究孕26～44周初生儿头围与胸围比值关系,探索初生儿胎内体格发育规律。方法:引用2005年深圳不同胎龄初生儿头围、胸围均值和1986年中国15城市不同胎龄新生儿头围、胸围均值,研究孕26～44周初生儿头围与胸围比值关系。结果:2005年深圳孕26～28周初生儿平均头围均值为26.3cm、胸围均值为24.3cm,头围与胸围的比值为1.08:1;孕37周头围均值为32.9cm、胸围均值为32.2cm,比值为1.02:1;孕41周头围均值为34.1cm、胸围均值为33.4cm,比值为1.02:1;孕44周头围均值为34.9cm、胸围均值为33.7cm,比值为1.04:1。结论:头围与胸围的比值与孕周大小有关,孕周越小比值越大,随着孕周增大比值不断变小;孕26～37周是头围发育的快速增长期,显示了脑部优先发育的生长规律,男性头围发育明显快于女性;孕37～43周是头围与胸围的均衡发育期。

Objective： To investigate the relationship between head circumference and chest circumference in neonates of 26 -44 gestational weeks, explore the regularity of neonatal physical development during pregnancy. Methods ： The data of mean values of head circ- umference and chest circumference in neonates of different gestational weeks in Shenzhen in 2005 and 15 cities in 1986 were collected, the relationship between head circumference and chest circumference in neonates of 26 -44 gestational weeks was investigated. Results： The mean values of head circumference and chest circumference in neonates of 26 - 28 gestational weeks in Shenzhen in 2005 were 26. 3 cm and 24. 3 cm, respectively, the ratio of head circumference/chest circumference is 1.08：1 ; the mean values of head circumference and chest circumference in neonates of 37 gestational weeks in Shenzhen in 2005 were 32. 9 cm and 32. 2 cm, respectively, the ratio of head circumfer- ence/chest circumference was 1.02：1 ; the mean values of head circumference and chest circumference in neonates of 41 gestational weeks in Shenzhen in 2005 were 34. 1 cm and 33.4 cm, respectively, the ratio of head circumference/chest circumference was 1.02：1 ; the mean values of head circumference and chest circumference in neonates of 44 gestational weeks in Shenzhen in 2005 were 34. 9 cm and 33.7 cm, respectively, the ratio of head circumference/chest circumference was 1.04： 1. Conclusion： The ratio of head circumference/chest circumference is related to gestational weeks, there is a negative correlation ; head circumference of neonates of 26 ~ 37 gestational weeks increases rapidly, which indicates the growth regularity of priority of cerebral development, the developmental rate of male brain is faster than that of female brain; 37 -43 gestational weeks are developmental balanced period of head circumference and chest circumference.