育龄妇女孕前保健知识掌握情况及服务利用调查分析

Investigation and analysis on mastery of knowledge and services utilization of pre-pregnant health care in women of child-bearing age

目的:了解云南农村育龄妇女孕前保健知识掌握情况及对其服务的利用。方法:采用自制调查问卷由经过统一培训的调查员逐个入户对育龄妇女进行调查,共回收有效问卷4313份。结果:80.0%以上的育龄妇女掌握了一些孕前保健的基本知识,50.9%的妇女孕前查询阅读过有关优生信息和资料,36.5%的妇女主动向医生进行遗传、优生咨询;24.8%的妇女做过孕前健康检查,所检查项目中,妇科检查、白带常规检查、血液常规检查、血型检查、尿液常规检查、妇科B超检查率分别为:42.2%、38.4%、36.8%、30.9%、34.8%、38.7%;抗HIV抗体检查、乙肝血清学检查、梅毒血清学检查率分别为:30.4%、28.9%、25.8%;TORCH、染色体检查率分别为:23.6%、1.0%。结论:农村育龄妇女虽然掌握了一些基本的孕前保健知识,但对其服务的利用率不高。基层妇幼保健及计划生育部门须进一步加强孕前保健的健康教育与健康促进,促进广大育龄妇女主动接受孕前保健服务。

Objective： To understand the mastery of knowledge and services utilization of pre - pregnant health care in rural women of child - bearing age in Yunnan. Methods ： Women of child - bearing age in Yunnan were surveyed face to face by a self - designed ques- tionnaire, 4 313 valid questionnaires were got. Results： More than 80. 0% of the women of child - bearing age grasped basic knowledge of pre -pregnant health care, 50. 9% of the women read and inquired aristogenesis related information and data, 36. 5% of the women took ge- netic and eugenic consultation from doctors actively, 24. 8% of the women accepted pre - pregnancy health examination. The detection rates of gynecological examination, leukorrhea routine examination, blood routine examination, blood type determination, urine routine examination and gynecological B ultrasonic examination were 42. 2% , 38.4% , 36. 8%, 30. 9%, 34. 8% and 38. 7% , respectively; the detection rates of anti- HIV antibody test, hepatitis B serological test and syphilis serological test were 30. 4%, 28.9% and 25.8%, respectively; the detection rates of TORCH and chromosomal examination were 23.6% and 1.0%, respectively. Conclusion： The rural women of child - bearing age in Yunnan have grasped some basic knowledge of pre - pregnant health care, but the utilization rate of services is low. The primary maternal and child health care institutions and family planning departments should intensify pre - pregnancy health care and health promotion, promote the women to accept pre -pregnancy health care actively.