白桦木材抗腐和易腐植株主要化学成分的比较

Comparison of Main Components Among Those White Birch Varieties More Susseptible to Decaying

采用5种木材腐朽菌分别对300株天然林白桦木样进行木材腐朽处理,选择质量损失率最大和最小的10株白桦组成易腐和抗腐群体,检测其木材中的木质素、纤维素等主要化学成分.结果表明:水分、纤维素、木质素含量低的白桦木材抗白囊耙齿菌腐朽;木质素含量低、苯醇抽出物含量高的白桦木材抗黄伞腐朽;木质素、总酚、总黄酮含量高的白桦木材抗木蹄层孔菌;木质素和总酚含量高的白桦木材抗桦剥管菌腐朽.未发现彩绒革盖菌降解木材成分的偏好性.白桦木材中的1%NaOH抽出物和水分与纤维素含量成显著负相关,易腐群体白桦木材中的水分和纤维素含量、苯醇抽出物和总酚含量,木质素、总酚和总黄酮含量均成显著正相关.该研究为进一步探讨木材腐朽菌腐朽木材的过程和机理,易腐、抗腐白桦木材的理化特性等提供有用的信息.

Five wood rot fungi were used to decay 300 mature trees of whi susceptible and resistant populations in 10 trees each with the highest and 1 selected, in which some main chemical components in wood such as lignin tested. The result showed that the birch wood with lower moisture, cellu te birch. The decaying owest weight loss were and cellulose etc. were lose and lignin content was hard to be decayed by Irpex lacteus, and those with lower lignin content and higher benzenealcohol extraction was more inappropriate by Pholiota adipose, while the wood with higher lignin content was less easily attacked by Fomes fomentarius and Piptoporus betulinus, but there was no special favor by Coriolus versicolor in wood chemical components to be found. The 1 % NaOH extraction in white birch wood had negative correlations with moisture and cellulose. The moisture and cellulose, benzene-alcohol extraction and total phenol, total phenol and total flavonoids and lignin have positive correlations in the susceptible populations of white birch wood. This paper would provide some useful information in future study in the course and mechanism of wood decaying by rot fungi, and difference in the physical and chemical characteristics of the wood between the decaying susceptible and resistant populations.